Podcast – a reading of “A Toccata of Galuppi’s”

This is another dramatic monologue by Robert Browning, and this time it’s about Venice. I wrote an essay on this poem, which was published in the very last issue of “Parnassus: Poetry in Review” (2019). Here are a couple of claims I made about it:

‘It is one of Browning’s most striking and memorable dramatic monologues, which provides a good deal of immediate pleasure – especially (as might be expected, given the subject-matter) for the ear – even before one begins to consider its many subtleties and ambiguities. Much of the poem’s power arises from the shifting relationship between the speaker and his addressee, the dead but by no means departed composer. If the poem tells a story, it is essentially that of the undermining of the speaker’s presuppositions. These are primarily about Venice, and it is Venice itself, as filtered through Galuppi’s music, that undermines them. However, Venice comes to stand for a great deal: by the end of the poem, some of the major aesthetic and cultural shifts of the nineteenth century have been explored.’

And towards the end of my essay:

‘The final words of the poem—“I feel chilly and grown old”—suggest that the speaker can draw no useful lesson from reflecting on the vanity of Venetian pleasure-seekers; all that Galuppi’s music has taught him is that he is destined to become “dust and ashes” without even having savoured the delights enjoyed by eighteenth-century Venetians. Without, one might say, having lived.’

The main thing to say, of course, is that it is a wonderfully enjoyable poem, with a striking metrical pattern – – and I hope I’ve brought across some of its music in my reading. 

A Toccata of Galuppi’s

I
Oh Galuppi, Baldassaro, this is very sad to find!
I can hardly misconceive you; it would prove me deaf and blind;
But although I take your meaning, ’tis with such a heavy mind!
 
II
Here you come with your old music, and here’s all the good it brings.
What, they lived once thus at Venice where the merchants were the kings,
Where Saint Mark’s is, where the Doges used to wed the sea with rings?
 
III
Ay, because the sea’s the street there; and ’tis arched by . . . what you call
. . . Shylock’s bridge with houses on it, where they kept the carnival:
I was never out of England—it’s as if I saw it all.
 
IV
Did young people take their pleasure when the sea was warm in May?
Balls and masks begun at midnight, burning ever to mid-day,
When they made up fresh adventures for the morrow, do you say?
 
V
Was a lady such a lady, cheeks so round and lips so red,—
On her neck the small face buoyant, like a bell-flower on its bed,
O’er the breast’s superb abundance where a man might base his head?
 
VI
Well, and it was graceful of them—they’d break talk off and afford
—She, to bite her mask’s black velvet—he, to finger on his sword,
While you sat and played Toccatas, stately at the clavichord?
 
VII
What? Those lesser thirds so plaintive, sixths diminished, sigh on sigh,
Told them something? Those suspensions, those solutions—”Must we die?”
Those commiserating sevenths—”Life might last! we can but try!
 
VIII
“Were you happy?” —”Yes.”—”And are you still as happy?”—”Yes. And you?”
—”Then, more kisses!”—”Did I stop them, when a million seemed so few?”
Hark, the dominant’s persistence till it must be answered to!
 
IX
So, an octave struck the answer. Oh, they praised you, I dare say!
“Brave Galuppi! that was music! good alike at grave and gay!
“I can always leave off talking when I hear a master play!”
 
X
Then they left you for their pleasure: till in due time, one by one,
Some with lives that came to nothing, some with deeds as well undone,
Death stepped tacitly and took them where they never see the sun.
 
XI
But when I sit down to reason, think to take my stand nor swerve,
While I triumph o’er a secret wrung from nature’s close reserve,
In you come with your cold music till I creep thro’ every nerve.
 
XII
Yes, you, like a ghostly cricket, creaking where a house was burned:
“Dust and ashes, dead and done with, Venice spent what Venice earned.
“The soul, doubtless, is immortal—where a soul can be discerned.
 
XIII
“Yours for instance: you know physics, something of geology,
“Mathematics are your pastime; souls shall rise in their degree;
“Butterflies may dread extinction,—you’ll not die, it cannot be!
 
XIV
“As for Venice and her people, merely born to bloom and drop,
“Here on earth they bore their fruitage, mirth and folly were the crop:
“What of soul was left, I wonder, when the kissing had to stop?
 
XV
“Dust and ashes!” So you creak it, and I want the heart to scold.
Dear dead women, with such hair, too—what’s become of all the gold
Used to hang and brush their bosoms? I feel chilly and grown old.
 
 

“Shylock’s bridge with houses on it”

 

4 Comments

  1. Candace Magner

    Whenever I think of those poem, I hear it with the music of Dominick Argento. I sang the premiere of the work, which was written for the Desert Chorale of Santa Fe in 1990. It combined actual fragments of Galuppi music with a rather angular 12-tone row. Here’s a performance:
    https://youtu.be/hVlUIUENN4k

    Reply
    • Gregory

      Thanks for this, Candace. I’d never heard it. I wonder what Browning would have made of it.

      Reply
      • Candace

        I feel quite certain that Browning would be puzzled and possibly horrified by the music (except for the bits of original Galuppi), but it was wonderful for me to be immersed in the poetry while learning the piece. For me, better to be in the middle of the music rather than just being a listener. The structure of the composition does support the poem. I found a cleaner recording where it is easier to discern the text.
        https: https://youtu.be/zMI143DwJec
        Never, when I was in Venice for the end of Carnevale, did I not repeat over and over, “dust and ashes….”

        Reply
  2. Gregory

    Puzzled, yes, he would certainly have been that. I’ll listen to the other recording you’ve posted. It’s another way to immerse oneself in the poem.

    Reply

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